UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 1-K

ANNUAL REPORT

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO REGULATION A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

CALIBERCOS INC.

Commission File Number: 024-11016

(480) 295-7600
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 

Series B Preferred Stock
(Title of each class of securities issued pursuant to Regulation A)

Explanatory Note

In this report, the term “Caliber”, “we”, “us”, “our” or “the Company” refers to CaliberCos Inc.

This annual report on Form 1-K may contain forward-looking statements that are based on our beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations and expenses, business strategies and plans, competitive position, business environment, and potential growth opportunities. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms.

These forward-looking statements are based on our current assumptions, expectations, and beliefs and are subject to substantial risks, estimates, assumptions, uncertainties, and changes in circumstances that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement, including, among others, the profitability of the business. These statements reflect management’s current views with respect to future events and are subject to unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements in this report.

Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II

Item 1. Business

Overview

CaliberCos Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Caliber”, “we”, or the “Company”) was originally founded as Caliber Companies, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, organized under the laws of Arizona, and commenced operations in January 2009. In 2014, the Company was reorganized as a Nevada corporation and in June 2018, we reincorporated in the State of Delaware.

We are focused on creating wealth for our clients by providing access to high quality real estate investments. Caliber believes that capital organized privately into structured funds offers investors an optimal balance of risk-adjusted return and investment performance. By allowing investors who may not otherwise be able to purchase a large asset, to participate with a minimum investment as low as $35,000, Caliber provides typical real estate investors access to sophisticated strategies and assets that they may not otherwise have.

While Caliber’s business model is in part analogous to that of a financial asset manager, our model is built on a full-service approach. We have complemented traditional asset management functions with construction, property management, and deal expertise that we believe creates a competitive advantage against other traditional asset manager models. Compared to non-traded real estate investment trusts that often come with high cost structures for investors, we offer reduced product origination costs and fund-level fees. By eliminating many of the fees earned at the fund level, and sizing the remaining fees to cover Company overhead, Caliber aligns its profitability with that of its investors. We believe our approach allows us to drive down the cost burden that is borne by funds under a traditional asset management model, increase returns to investors of those funds, and generate long-term sustainable cash flows. Caliber is organized as follows:

Recent Developments

Recently, there is an ongoing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) first identified in China which has since spread globally. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic which has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of stores and business facilities for the past few months domestically and abroad. Given the rapidly expanding nature of the COVID-19 pandemic we believe there is a risk that our business, results of operations, and financial condition will be adversely affected, especially for our hospitality related investments where we are already starting to experience significant declines in occupancy and reductions in reservations. The extent and pervasiveness of the impact to our results of operations will also depend on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of COVID-19 and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain COVID-19 or mitigate its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control.

Business Segments

The Company’s operations are organized into eight reportable segments for management and financial reporting purposes, which are broadly separated in two categories; real estate services (Fund Management, Construction & Development, Property Management, Real Estate Brokerage) and real estate operations (Hospitality, Residential, Commercial, and Diversified). Each segment works closely together and plays a critical role in supporting our investment strategy by providing local market intelligence and real-time data for evaluating investments, generating proprietary transaction flow and creating value through efficient implementation of asset management strategies.

The below is a description of the Company’s real estate services segments:

Fund Management

Fund Management represents the Company’s fund management activities along with back office and corporate support functions including accounting and human resources. It also includes the activities associated with Caliber Securities, LLC (“Caliber Securities”), which generates fees from capital raising. We act as an asset manager of our private equity real estate funds, which have diversified investment objectives. Generally, Caliber Services, LLC, and its subsidiaries, (“Caliber Services”), act as manager of the funds. We earn fund management fees for services rendered to each of the funds by Caliber Services. Below is an overview of the fees we earn:

The amounts that Caliber is entitled to receive from each fund are governed by the terms of the fund operating agreements. Generally, once investors receive distributions equal to their preferred return, Caliber receives 35% of operating cash flows from each fund. With respect to Caliber Residential Advantage Fund, LP (“CRAF”), investors are entitled to 80% of cash flows and Caliber is entitled to 20% of cash flows.

Through our wholly owned Arizona registered issuer-dealer, Caliber Securities, we earn non-affiliated fees from raising capital into our funds. Our contracts with our funds are typically fixed fee arrangements which approximate no more than 3.50% on the dollars raised for any one project. 

Construction and Development

Our Construction and Development segment represents the Company’s activities associated with asset remodeling and refurbishment and ground up construction. The majority of the revenues generated by this segment are earned from work completed on assets held in our funds. Caliber Development, LLC (“Caliber Development”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Caliber Services, acts as the general contractor on our projects. Our strategy for this segment is to complete high-quality work while maintaining competitive margins so that the benefits are passed along to the investors of the related funds.

Property Management

Keeping our single family and multi-family properties rented is the primary focus of our Property Management division. Through our wholly owned subsidiary Caliber Realty Group, LLC (“Caliber Realty”), we provide property management services to both our funds and third-party property owners. In some instances, we may engage an external service provider to assist in increasing occupancy for specific and niche assets. Revenues in this segment are driven by property management fees, which are generally based upon percentages of the rental revenue or gross rent generated by such properties. Property Management revenue also includes fees charged to property management customers for leasing commissions, which are generally based on the amount of the new lease executed with a minimum flat fee.

Real Estate Brokerage

Whenever Caliber is involved in a transaction involving a real estate acquisition or sale, we collect fees for brokering the arrangement, through Caliber Realty. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reclassified certain business activities which were previously reported under the Residential segment into the Real Estate Brokerage segment. These activities included the Company’s wholly owned Caliber Auction Homes (“CAH”) single-family home portfolio and our wholly owned investment in Saddleback Ranch, LLC (“Saddleback”).

Our Fund Portfolio

The following discussion relates to the activities of our various funds which are generally structured as separate limited liability companies or partnerships. Outside of its interests as the manager or general partner of these funds, Caliber benefits in these entities are limited to Calibers’ direct membership or partnership interests, if any. Investors in Caliber should understand that the majority of the profit and/or loss of any of these funds or rights and obligations to its related assets and liabilities, respectively, is limited or in some cases unavailable.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company sold the Palms, a multi-family portfolio consisting of three separate apartment buildings for approximately $25 million, resulting in a gain on the disposition of approximately $10 million. As the sale of the Palms does not represent a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results, it has not been reported as a discontinued operation.

The below is a description of the Company’s real estate operation segments:

Hospitality

Our Hospitality segment represents one of Caliber’s largest fund segments. Through the funds we manage, we acquire hotels in certain opportunistic situations in which we are able to purchase at a discount to replacement cost or can implement our value-add investment approach. Our hotels under management are located in Tucson, Chandler, Phoenix, and Scottsdale, Arizona and Ketchikan, Alaska. Our portfolio of hotels flows across multiple brands including Crowne Plaza, Sheraton, Hampton Inn, Holiday Inn, and Hilton.

We earn property operating revenue from our hospitality operations consisting of revenues generated primarily by the hotel properties we own. This includes revenue from room rentals, food and beverage sales, banquet and group sales and other hotel operating activities.

Residential

Our Residential segment includes single-family homes owned by our wholly owned subsidiary, CAH, and single and multi-family properties held by our funds. We pursue single-family acquisition opportunities as part of CRAF’s investment strategy where we acquire undervalued homes and transform them through major or minor remodeling. Currently, all of our single-family properties are located in Arizona. We pursue multi-family opportunities where we believe we can unlock value through a myriad of strategies, including asset rehabilitation, repositioning and creative recapitalization. We focus primarily on apartments in supply-constrained, in-filled markets.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reclassified certain business activities which were previously reported under the Residential segment into the Real Estate Brokerage segment. These activities included the Company’s wholly owned CAH and our wholly owned investment in Saddleback.

Commercial

Our Commercial segment includes properties representing both traditional office space, retail, and medical and self-storage facilities. We are involved in different commercial properties, located in Mesa, Kingman, and Casa Grande, Arizona; Henderson, Nevada; Johnstown, Colorado; and Logan, Utah.

Diversified

Our Diversified segment includes our diversified fund portfolio CDIF, CDOF II, and CTAF, and our lending funds CFIF II and CFIF III.

The following chart presents the name, total contributed net capital, total investments at cost and total investments at fair value of our Hospitality, Residential, Commercial and Brokerage segments which hold real estate assets as of December 31, 2019:

Our diversified segment is presented below. The funds included in this segment are invested in the assets included in the table above, and therefore are presented separately to avoid double counting.

We focus our offerings on middle market accredited investors. To meet our investors’ changing needs and demand for quality real asset opportunities, we manage investments in an increasingly wide range of funds across a line of complementary strategies. We have demonstrated an ability to consistently generate attractive and differentiated investment returns across these investment strategies and through various market environments. We believe the scope of our product offering, our expertise in various investment strategies and our proficiency in attracting and satisfying our investor base has enabled, and will continue to enable, us to increase our assets under management across each of our investment groups in a balanced manner. Our Open and Evergreen funds currently consist of the following:

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Segment Analysis” for a discussion of activities by segment for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Competition

The investment management industry is intensely competitive, and we expect it to remain so. We compete primarily on a regional, industry and asset basis.

We face competition both in the pursuit of fund investors and investment opportunities. Generally, our competition varies across business lines, geographies and financial markets. We compete for outside investors based on a variety of factors, including investment performance, investor perception of investment managers’ drive, focus and alignment of interest, quality of service provided to and duration of relationship with investors, business reputation, and the level of fees and expenses charged for services. We compete for investment opportunities based on a variety of factors, including breadth of market coverage and relationships, access to capital, transaction execution skills, the range of products and services offered, innovation, and price.

We compete with real estate funds, specialized funds, hedge fund sponsors, financial institutions, private equity funds, corporate buyers and other parties. Many of these competitors in some of our businesses are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than are available to us. Many of these competitors have similar investment objectives to us, which may create additional competition for investment opportunities. Some of these competitors may also have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us, which may create competitive disadvantages for us with respect to investment opportunities. In addition, some of these competitors may have higher risk tolerances, different risk assessments or lower return thresholds, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and to bid more aggressively than us for investments that we want to make. Corporate buyers may be able to achieve synergistic cost savings with regard to an investment that may provide them with a competitive advantage in bidding for an investment. Lastly, institutional and individual investors are allocating increasing amounts of capital to alternative investment strategies. Several large institutional investors have announced a desire to consolidate their investments in a more limited number of managers. We expect that this will cause competition in our industry to intensify and could lead to a reduction in the size and duration of pricing inefficiencies that our funds seek to exploit.

Regulatory and Compliance Matters

Our businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation, including periodic examinations, by governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations or exchanges in the jurisdictions in which we operate relating to, among other things, anti-money laundering laws, and privacy laws with respect to client information, and some of our funds invest in businesses that operate in highly regulated industries. Each of the regulatory bodies with jurisdiction over us have regulatory powers dealing with many aspects of financial services, including the authority to grant, and in specific circumstances to cancel, permissions to carry on particular activities. Any failure to comply with these rules and regulations could expose us to liability and/or reputational damage. In addition, additional legislation, increasing regulatory oversight of fundraising activities, changes in rules promulgated by self-regulatory organizations or exchanges or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules may directly affect our mode of operation and profitability.

We intend to continue to conduct our operations so that neither we nor any subsidiaries we own nor ones we may establish will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“Investment Company Act”). The loss of our exclusion from regulation pursuant to the Investment Company Act could require us to restructure our operations, sell certain of our assets, or abstain from the purchase of certain assets, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we were deemed an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our business as conducted and could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Employees

As of December 31, 2019, we had 62 employees. None of our employees are currently covered by a collective bargaining agreement.

Legal Proceedings

On January 27, 2020, 6831614 Manitoba Ltd. (“Manitoba”), a prior consultant to the Company, and its President filed a complaint in Maricopa County Superior Court in the State of Arizona against the Company and the Company’s Board of Directors claiming among other things, breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unjust enrichment and fraud in the inducement. The complaint seeks damages in the amount of  $10,905,575, but in no event less than $8,126,620, treble damages under the argument that the unissued shares are wages under Arizona law, or, alternatively, specific performance that the Company issue Manitoba 2,181,115 shares of Class A Common Stock, but in no event less than 1,625,324 shares. The complaint also seeks fees, costs, interest and such other relief as the court deems just and proper. At the Company’s urging, a stipulation to place the entire matter into private, binding arbitration before the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) in accord with the parties’ prior agreement documentation was executed by counsel for the parties. On March 27, 2020, the Court ordered the parties to AAA arbitration, to be commenced within thirty days of said order. The arbitration commenced and, on May 29, 2020, the respondents submitted their answering statement and counterclaim to the AAA. No additional dates have yet been set by the AAA, but the next dates will be for an administrative conference with AAA staff, followed by arbitrator selection, followed by a scheduling conference with the arbitration panel.

While the Company denies these charges and intends to vigorously dispute the claims made therein, the Company cannot predict the outcome of this matter. If all shares demanded further to the aforementioned complaint are ultimately issued to Manitoba, investors’ relative ownership interest will experience additional dilution.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 1-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Unless otherwise indicated, latest results discussed below are as of December 31, 2019.

Overview

Our business is focused on creating wealth for our clients by providing access to high quality real estate investments. While Caliber’s business model may seem analogous to that of a financial asset manager, we have complemented that responsibility with construction, property management, and deal expertise that creates a competitive advantage against other traditional asset manager’s models. We believe our approach allows us to drive down the cost burden that is borne by funds under a traditional asset management model, increase returns to investors of those funds, and generate long-term sustainable cash flows to Caliber that are largely resistant to economic cyclicality.

The Company’s operations are organized into eight reportable segments for management and financial reporting purposes, which are broadly separated in two categories; real estate services (Fund Management, Construction and Development, Property Management, and Real Estate Brokerage) and real estate operations (Hospitality, Residential, Commercial, and Diversified).

Real Estate Services

Fund Management — Our fund management segment represents our sponsorship and project management activities with respect to our 15 funds, each of which has differing investment objectives, sizes, and growth opportunities. This segment also includes wholly owned Caliber Securities, LLC, the issuer dealer who raises capital exclusively for our funds. Caliber Securities, LLC generates fees of up to 3.5% on the capital raised.

Construction and Development — Our construction and development segment operates as a general contractor or third-party manager on all of Caliber’s construction projects including ground up builds, remodels and repairs and maintenance. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, approximately 83% and 97%, respectively, of the segment’s revenues were derived from projects performed on the assets held by our funds and had approximately $5 million and $12 million, respectively, of projects in various stages of completion.

Property Management — Our property management segment includes single-family and multi-family assets of our fund portfolio and other similar assets held and owned by third parties. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, approximately 91% and 96%, respectively, of the segment’s revenues were derived from assets held by our funds.

Real Estate Brokerage — Our real estate brokerage segment is involved in executing the buying and selling of all our fund assets and completing the buy and sell transactions of other properties for third parties. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our brokerage segment completed approximately $86 million and $79 million, respectively, in transactions generating approximately $1.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of brokerage fees.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reclassified certain business activities which were previously reported under the Residential segment into the Real Estate Brokerage segment. These activities included the Company’s wholly owned CAH single family home portfolio and our wholly owned investment in Saddleback. For the year ended December 31, 2019, our brokerage segment completed approximately $2.2 million of real estate sales.

Real Estate Operations

Hospitality — Our hospitality segment includes 10 hotels with operations in Phoenix, Scottsdale, Chandler and Tucson, Arizona and Ketchikan, Alaska. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our hospitality segment had approximately $224 million and $201 million, respectively, of assets under management.

Residential — Our residential segment includes our 8 multi-family assets, of which 4 multi-family assets were sold during the year ended December 31, 2019, and our single-family asset portfolio held in CRAF. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our residential segment had approximately $76 million and $102 million of assets under management.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reclassified certain business activities which were previously reported under the Residential segment into the Real Estate Brokerage segment. These activities included the Company’s wholly owned CAH and our wholly owned investment in Saddleback. For the year ended December 31, 2019, our brokerage segment had approximately $8 million of assets under management.

Commercial — Our commercial segment includes retail and office space, land, a medical building and self-storage facilities. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our commercial segment had approximately $88 million and $63 million, respectively, of assets under management.

Diversified — Our diversified segment includes our diversified fund strategies (CDIF, CDOF II and CTAF), and our lending funds (CFIF II and CFIF III). As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our diversified segment had approximately $218 million and $98 million, respectively of assets under management.

Each segment works closely together and plays a critical role in supporting our investment strategy by providing local market intelligence and real-time data for evaluating investments, generating proprietary transaction flow and creating value through efficient implementation of fund management strategies. We earn management fees pursuant to contractual arrangements with Caliber funds and allocate certain direct and indirect costs related to overhead and marketing. We also earn a performance-based fee from our funds which is typically in the form of a special residual allocation of income known as carried interest, but only to the extent that certain minimum investment results are achieved by the related fund. Under US GAAP, we are required to consolidate some of the investment funds that we manage. However, for segment reporting purposes, we present revenues and expenses on a basis that deconsolidates these funds and includes our other funds that are not consolidated.

Trends Affecting Our Business

The novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, is believed to have been first identified in China in late 2019 and has spread globally. The rapid spread has resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place orders and shutdowns. These measures may continue to impact all or portions of our workforce, operations, investors, suppliers and customers. We have taken steps to manage the effect of the pandemic on our corporate business and on the assets we manage which has included suspending any unnecessary capital improvements, unless for fire, life and safety; (ii) reducing food and beverage operations in accordance with government regulations; (iii) furloughing any non-essential employees; (iv) participating in the Paycheck Protection Plan program and other Small Business Administration and other governmental relief programs; and (v) having constant communications with lenders to receive additional facilities, convert current reserves into operational reserves and suspend the minimum debt service coverage ratio requirement, when applicable, for a 12 month period.

In recent weeks, the COVID-19 pandemic has also significantly increased economic uncertainty and has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which could increase the cost of and accessibility to capital. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant economic slowdown it appears increasingly likely that it could cause a global recession, which could be of an unknown duration. While the majority of our operations reside primarily in Arizona, and the greater Southwest region which has experienced a slower growth in the number of confirmed cases and deaths associated with COVID-19 as compared with more dense populations in the northeastern United States a global recession would have a significant impact on our ongoing operations and cash flows. There has been a recent spike in the number of reported COVID-19 cases in the state of Arizona where a substantial portion of the Company's business and operations is located. The Company is unable to currently quantify the economic effect, if any, of this increase on the Company's results of operations.

On March 27, 2020, The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted. The CARES Act is an approximately $2 trillion emergency economic stimulus package in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which among other things contains numerous income tax provisions. Some of these tax provisions are expected to be effective retroactively for years ending before the date of enactment. Through May 2020, we were successful at obtaining a Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan, through the CARES Act, for our real estate services division and each one of our individual hotel entities. The amounts of the PPP loans received total approximately $5.1 million.

According to the PPP terms the loans may be forgiven if the PPP loan proceeds are used for permitted expenses, as outlined in the CARES Act, including 60% of the PPP loan proceeds being used for payroll related costs. The amount that may be forgiven will be calculated in part with reference to the Company's full-time headcount during either an 8 or 24 week period following the funding of the PPP loan. The portion of the PPP loan not used within the allotted time will be subject to an interest rate of 1% per annum and will require monthly principal and interest payments. 

The ultimate magnitude of COVID-19, including the extent of its overall impact on our financial and operational results cannot be reasonably estimated at this time; however, the Company has experienced significant declines in occupancy and reservations. The overall impact will depend on the length of time that the pandemic continues, its effect on demand drivers for our investments, the extent to which it affects our ability to raise capital into our investment products, and the effect of governmental regulations imposed in response to the pandemic, as well as uncertainty regarding all of the foregoing.

In December 2017, the President signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”), providing a significant overhaul to the U.S. federal tax code. We expect the TCJA to be a net positive impact to the U.S. economy. In particular, Congress established the Qualified Opportunity Zone program (the “QOZ Program”), which provides preferential tax treatment to taxpayers who invest eligible capital gains into qualified opportunity funds (“QOFs”). The Caliber Tax Advantaged Opportunity Zone Fund, LP is a QOF that will invest its capital into qualified opportunity zones (“QOZs”) and take advantage of this program. IRS and Treasury regulations are forthcoming, and we will continue to monitor and evaluate the interpretations as they are issued.

Our success at raising new capital into our funds is impacted by the extent to which new investors see alternative assets as a viable option for capital appreciation and/or income generation. The stock market remained volatile and unpredictable throughout 2019 and 2018 as evidenced by the Chicago Board of Exchange (“Cboe”) Volatility Index that reported variances in average market highs and lows between 55% and 75% during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. As the markets continue to demonstrate unpredictable trends, we believe the increasing appetite for stable real assets will be a continuing trend. Since our inception we have continued to successfully raise capital into our funds with our total capital raised through December 31, 2019 exceeding $375 million.

Since our ability to raise new capital into our funds is dependent upon the availability and willingness of investors to direct their investment dollars into our products, our financial performance is sensitive in part to changes in overall economic conditions that affect investment behaviors. For example, the potential adverse effects of COVID-19 have resulted in an immediate and sharp slowdown in the U.S. economy which has created uncertainty in the global economic outlook. These factors could reduce the availability of investment dollars being allocated to alternative investments.

While we have had historical successes, there can be no assurance that fundraising for our new and existing funds will experience similar success. Our business depends in large part on our ability to raise capital from investors. If we were unable to raise such capital, we would be unable to collect management fees or deploy such capital into investments, which would materially reduce our revenues and cash flow and adversely affect our financial condition.

We remain confident about our ability to find, identify, and source new investment opportunities that meet the requirements and return profile of our investment funds despite headwinds associated with increased asset valuations, competition and increased overall cost of credit. We continue to identify strategic acquisitions on off-market terms and anticipate that this trend will continue as we begin to branch outside of Arizona. We are at a point in our deal cycle where some of our funds have begun to exit significant parts of their portfolios while other are approaching a potential harvesting phase. We have complemented these cycles with other newer funds that will maintain management fees while providing continued sources of activity for our construction and development segment.

COVID-19 has caused public health officials to recommend precautions to mitigate the spread of the virus, that has caused us to recently shut down access to our corporate office and enact remote work arrangements for all our employees. Construction activities continue to be considered essential services under updated CDC guidelines; however, there is significant uncertainty surrounding the ultimate duration of these closures and whether government authorities will increase precautions by reducing activities that are considered essential. The impact of these temporary closures on our ability to generate and earn management fees remains uncertain and we may be limited in our ability to continue to complete our construction and development contracts during this period.

Acquiring new assets includes being able to negotiate favorable loans on both a short and long-term basis. We forecast and project our returns using assumptions about, among other things, the types of loans that we can expect the market to extend for a particular type of asset. This becomes more complex when the asset also requires construction financing. We may also need to refinance existing loans that are due to mature. Factors that affect these arrangements include the interest rate and economic environment, the estimated fair value of the real property, and the profitability of the asset’s historical operations. It is uncertain at this time what effect the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our ability to obtain favorable financing on our new and existing assets. For example, the potential adverse effects of COVID-19 across the U.S. market may be underestimated. The actual effects are dependent on many factors that may be beyond the control of the authorities in the United States. The potential adverse effects of any of these factors would likely result in greater economic uncertainty which would affect the credit and capital markets and might impact our access to capital resources at an affordable cost to meet our needs. These capital market conditions may affect the renewal or replacement of our credit agreements, some of which have maturity dates occurring within the next 12 months. The Company’s liquidity may be negatively impacted if leisure and business travel do not resume normal activities and the Company may be required to pursue additional sources of financing to meet its financial obligations. Obtaining such financing is not guaranteed and is largely dependent on market conditions and other factors.

The demand from investors is dependent upon the type of asset, the type of return it will generate (current cash flow, long term capital gains, or both) and the actual return earned by our fund investors relative to other comparable or substitute products. General economic factors and conditions, including the general interest rate environment and unemployment rates, may affect an investor’s ability and desire to invest in real estate. For example, a significant interest rate increase could cause a projected rate of return to be insufficient after considering other risk exposures. Additionally, if weakness in the economy emerges and actual or expected default rates increase, investors in our funds may delay or reduce their investments. However, we believe our approach to investing and the capabilities that Caliber manages throughout the deal cycle will continue to offer an attractive value proposition to investors.

COVID-19 is beginning to show downward pressure on the performance of our investment assets, most notably in hospitality and to a lesser extent multi-family. Future restrictions on leisure and business travel, the financial health of our tenants and their ability to pay rent, port closures and increased border controls or closures, could continue to limit the ability of our assets under management to generate positive cash flows and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. There is no certainty that measures taken by government authorities will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus, and our ability to perform critical functions could be harmed. In the near term, we anticipate that this will impact our ability to earn and collect carried interest on our respective asset’s operating cash flows; however, it is uncertain whether or not the impact of COVID-19 will have a prolonged or permanent impact on longer term asset valuations.

Key Financial Measures and Indicators

Our key financial measures are discussed in the following pages. Additional information regarding these key financial measures and our other significant accounting policies can be found in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included herein.

Total Revenue

We generate the majority of our revenue from (i) construction and development income, (ii) fund management fees, (iii) brokerage commissions, (iv) hospitality income, (v) real estate sales, and (vi) rental income.

Total Expenses

Total expenses include cost of sales associated with each of hospitality, construction, real estate, and brokerage, operating costs, general and administrative, marketing and advertising, franchise fees, management fees, and depreciation.

Other (Income) Expenses

Other (income) expenses include interest expense, interest income and carried interest.

Non-GAAP Measures

We present assets under management (“AUM”), EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA, which are not recognized financial measures under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), as supplemental disclosures because we regularly review the metrics to evaluate our funds, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions.

Assets Under Management.   AUM refers to the assets we manage or advise. We monitor three types of AUM:

EBITDA.   EBITDA represents earnings before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Adjusted EBITDA.   Adjusted EBITDA represents earnings before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, impairment expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, severance payments, founder’s income tax reimbursement, and costs associated with the vesting of our Employee Stock Option Plan (“ESOP”) and certain cash and non-cash charges relates to legal and accounting costs associated with getting the Company prepared for filing its Reg A+ offering circular.

Our calculation of Capital AUM and FV AUM may differ from our competitors, thereby making these metrics non-comparable to our competitors. Our AUM calculations are not based on any definition of AUM that is set forth in the respective operating agreements governing the funds we manage or advise.

When analyzing our operating performance, investors should use these measures in addition to, and not as an alternative for, their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We generally use these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate operating performance and for other discretionary purposes. We believe that these measures provide a more complete understanding of ongoing operations, enhance comparability of current results to prior periods and may be useful for investors to analyze our financial performance because they eliminate the impact of selected charges that may obscure trends in the underlying performance of our business. Because not all companies use identical calculations, our presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly identified measures of other companies.

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are not intended to be measures of free cash flow for our discretionary use because they do not consider certain cash requirements such as tax and debt service payments. These measures may also differ from the amounts calculated under similarly titled definitions in our debt instruments, which amounts are further adjusted to reflect certain other cash and non-cash charges and are used by us to determine compliance with financial covenants therein and our ability to engage in certain activities, such as incurring additional debt and making certain restricted payments.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The following table and discussion provides insight into our consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, total revenue was $77.9 million and $70.7 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of approximately $7 million or 10.2%. This increase was primarily due to a full year performance of two hotels that were acquired in the second half of 2018 which resulted in an increase of approximately $4 million and approximately $3 million increase relating to our asset management and related fees which resulted from the growth in our capital under management and the introduction of two new fund projects.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, total expenses were $72.8 million and $71.6 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of $1.2 million or 1.6%. This increase was largely due to the acquisition of two new hotels added to our portfolio in the second half of 2018, partially offset by a decrease in our cost of sales for real estate related to the sale of assets in CAH.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, gain on the disposition of real estate was $10.4 million, which was a result of the sale of four apartment buildings. There were no dispositions for the year ended December 31, 2018.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, other (income) expenses was other income of $1.1 million and other expenses of $0.3 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year change of $1.4 million. The change in other (income) expense, net was primarily a result of $1.7 million of carried interest that the Company, as the general partner, earned as a result of the sale of an apartment building in 2018, offset by other non-operating expenses.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, interest expense was $10.8 million and $11.9 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year change of $1.1 million or (9.6%). The decrease was primarily a result of the active management of our cost of capital across the organization that reduced interest expense through the repayment of high interest rate debt and successfully refinancing existing facilities at lower rates of interest.

Segment Analysis

The following discussion is specific to our various segments for the periods presented. Our segment information is presented in a format consistent with the information senior management uses to make operating decisions, assess performance and allocate resources.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reclassified certain business activities which were previously reported under the Residential segment into the Real Estate Brokerage segment. These activities included the Company’s wholly owned CAH single family portfolio and our wholly owned investment in Saddleback. These reclassifications have been reflected in previously reported amounts to conform to the current year presentation.

For segment reporting purposes, revenues and expenses are presented on a basis that deconsolidates our consolidated funds. As a result, segment revenues are different than those presented on a consolidated US GAAP basis because these fees are eliminated in consolidation when they are derived from a consolidated fund. Furthermore, segment expenses are also different than those presented on a consolidated US GAAP basis due to the exclusion of fund expenses that are paid by the consolidated funds.

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Fund Management

The following table presents our results of operations for our Fund Management segment:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, total revenue for Fund Management was $9.3 million and $8.4 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of $0.9 million or 11.1%. The increase in revenues relates to a corresponding increase in capital under management. We increased our capital under management, net of redemptions by approximately $67.4 million, the majority of which was raised into CTAF, our tax advantaged opportunity zone fund, in the last quarter of the year.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, operating costs were $6.9 million and $6.4 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of $0.5 million or 8.4%. This increase was primarily due to the increase in corporate payroll costs.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, general and administrative expenses were $1.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year decrease of $0.7 million or 29.9%. This decrease was primarily due to a reduction in professional fees as management was able to retain a higher skilled workforce and reduce the Company’s dependence on third party professional services.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, other income, net was $4.8 million and $0.03 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of $4.7 million. The increase was largely due to an increase in our profit share income of $5.0 million related primarily to the sale of four apartment buildings that were completed during 2019.

Construction and Development

The following table presents our results of operations for our Construction and Development segment:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, construction and development revenues were $7.5 million and $9.4 million, respectively, representing a decrease year-over-year of $1.9 million or 20.6%. The performance of our construction and development segment is impacted by the speed at which we raise capital into our funds. While we were successful at raising approximately $64.9 million into our funds in 2019, most of this capital was raised in the fourth quarter which prohibited us from moving forward on our construction projects until 2020.

Cost of sales decreased due to the reduction in revenues over the same period. We began to replace our fund and asset related construction work with more third-party work in 2019 resulting in higher overall margins.

Property Management

The following table presents our results of operations for our Property Management segment:

Property management income and expenses continue to decrease year-over-year as management continues to execute on the strategy of outsourcing this function to third parties. In addition, our performance in this segment was impacted by the disposition of our South Mountain Square, LLC apartment building in February 2019 and our three apartment Palms Weekly Portfolio, LP disposition in December 2019. As we continue to execute on our outsourcing strategy our segment overhead continues to decrease as we eliminate non-essential roles and realign internal functions.

Real Estate Brokerage

The following table presents our results of operations for our Real Estate Brokerage segment:

Real estate sales and cost of sales — real estate represents the sale of our legacy CAH assets. For the year ended December 31, 2019, sales and cost of sales decreased by approximately $4.1 million and $4.0 million, respectively, from the prior year. In 2018, we sold 16 properties with sales prices ranging from $0.1 million to $0.6 million. In 2019, we sold five properties with sales prices ranging from $0.2 million and $0.9 million.

In 2018, we recognized an impairment on the remaining inventory of our legacy CAH assets. In 2019, we did not record an impairment on the remaining assets in the portfolio.

Hospitality

The following table presents our results of operations for our Hospitality segment:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, hospitality revenues were $58.8 million and $50.9 million, respectively, representing an increase year-over-year of $7.9 million or 15.5%. The primary increase was due to the addition of two new hotels that were acquired in the second half of 2018, representing an increase of $4.7 million. In addition, we were successful at increasing our revenue per available room across our hotel portfolio. Through the year ended December 31, 2019, our average revenue per available room grew to $89 from $83 over the same period in 2018.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, total expenses were $58.5 million and $52.3 million, respectively, representing an increase year-over-year of $6.2 million or 11.9%. This was due to the addition of two new hotels that were acquired in the second half of 2018.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, interest expense was $9.1 million and $9.8 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year decrease of $0.7 million or 7.1%. The decrease is the result of our success at refinancing our airport hotel portfolio in 2018 which resulted in our borrowing rate decreasing by approximately 2% from a blended 8% for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to 6% for the same period in 2019. This was offset by two new hotel acquisitions which added approximately $20 million of additional debt to the portfolio.

Residential

The following table presents our results of operations for our Residential segment:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, gain on disposition of real estate was $17.5 million and $2.6 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year increase of $14.9 million or 572.1%, and 99% of the total change year-over-year in net income. This increase represented the completed sales of our South Mountain Square apartment and our three apartment buildings in our Palms portfolio in 2019.

Commercial

The following table presents our results of operations for our Commercial segment:

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, interest expense was $1.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, representing an increase year-over-year of $0.6 million or 44.6%. The increase was primarily driven by approximately $11.5 million of additional debt incurred in connection with the acquisition and development of Behavioral Health which was acquired, by CTAF, in August 2019.

Diversified

The following table presents our results of operations for our Diversified segment:

Operating costs and general and administrative expenses decreased by approximately $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018. These decreases are driven by the introduction of CFIF III and CTAF which occurred in 2018. Operations of these funds commenced in the first quarter of 2018 and include certain one-time fund startup costs.

Marketing and advertising increased by approximately $1.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018. The increase is due to increased marketing efforts relating to CTAF as we continue to increase awareness of the program.

Management fees increased by approximately $1.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 2018. The increase is due to the fees being paid by our two new funds (i) CTAF and (ii) CFIF III and the additional capital that has been raised into each of those products.

Interest income increased by approximately $1.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 2018. The change from the prior period is attributed to gradual liquidation of CFIF II which involves collecting on matured loans and redeeming investors in the fund. This was offset by the introduction of CFIF III which has raised approximately $21 million through December 31, 2019.

Investment Valuations

The investments that are held by our funds are generally considered to be illiquid and have no readily ascertainable market value. We value these investments based on our estimate of their fair value as of the date of determination. We estimate the fair value of our fund’s investments based on a number of inputs built within forecasting models which are either developed by a third party or by our internal finance team. The models generally rely on discounted cash flow analysis and other techniques and may include independently sourced market parameters. The material estimates and assumptions used in these models include the timing and expected amounts of cash flows, income and expenses for the property, the appropriateness of discount rates used, overall capitalization rate, and, in some cases, the ability to execute, estimated proceeds and timing of expected sales and financings. The majority of our assets utilize the income approach to value the property. Where appropriate, management may obtain additional supporting evidence of values from methods generally utilized in the real estate investment industry, such as appraisal reports and broker price opinion (“BPO”) reports.

As discussed elsewhere in this document, we are beginning to experience the negative effects of COVID-19 on our hospitality and multi-family assets. It is unclear whether the effects of COVID-19 will have a lasting and prolonged effect on asset values in the long term.

With respect to the underlying factors that led to the significant market appreciation in the current year, we identify assets that are undervalued and/or underperforming at the time of acquisition. Such assets generally undergo some form of repositioning soon after our acquisition in order to help drive increased appreciation and operating performance. Once the repositioning is complete, we focus on increasing the asset’s net operating income, thereby further increasing the value of the asset. Making below-market acquisitions, adding value through development activities, and increasing free cash flow with proper management all represent a material component to our core business model and have contributed to the significant market appreciation in the current year

Assets Under Management

The following tables presents Capital AUM and FV AUM by segment as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:

The tables below illustrate the annual activity on the portfolio investments of our funds. See “— Segment Analysis’ above for a detailed discussion by segment of the activity affecting total FV AUM for each of the periods presented.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

The following table presents a reconciliation of net (income) loss to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented:

(1) Includes only those amounts attributable to CaliberCos Inc.

We may experience ongoing losses in our business due to the lifecycle of the assets we hold. Our investment strategy often identifies distressed and opportunistic assets which often times, require some level of redeveloping or repositioning projects. In order to complete these projects timely, it is often necessary to cease operations which has a negative impact on short term profitability and cash flows. Once the projects are completed, management resumes operations.

The chart below summarizes our assets under development/redevelopment that were completed during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

The chart below summarizes our assets currently under development/redevelopment for which there are no revenue generating activities during the year ended December 31, 2019:

The chart below summarizes committed development/redevelopment projects of the Company as of December 31, 2019:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As described elsewhere in this Report, the COVID-19 pandemic has recently had far-reaching adverse impacts on the near-term availability of access to capital markets and debt. For a discussion of remedial measures and other key trends and uncertainties that have affected our business, see “Trends Affecting Our Business”.

In addition, see Note 1 – Organization, Basis of Presentation and Liquidity in our accompanying consolidated financial statements for a discussion on the Company’s four separate real estate loans outstanding, with outside lenders, totaling $35,265,000 as of December 31, 2019 that have various maturity dates within the twelve-month period subsequent to the date our financial statements were issued.

Each of our funds and the related assets that are acquired or own equity interest in those funds are established as separate legal entities with limited liability. Therefore, the cash flows generated by these entities, whether through operations or financing, are unavailable for general corporate purposes.

We have historically financed our operations primarily through a combination of operating cash flows, private offerings of our equity securities, and secured and unsecured debt.

We hold our excess unrestricted cash in bank accounts with several high-quality financial institutions. We believe that our current capital position is sufficient to meet our current liquidity needs for at least the next 12 months, however, there can be no assurance that our current capital position will meet our liquidity needs for such period.

Equity Financings

Since inception through December 31, 2019, we have raised approximately $18.0 million from the sale of common and convertible preferred stock to third parties and management. The funds received from the issuance of our stock sales have been used for operating expenditures and refinancing our higher interest debt.

Unsecured Corporate Debt

As of December 31, 2019, we have issued and outstanding $7,165,144 of unsecured promissory notes with outstanding principal balances ranging from $1,250 to $900,000, and interest rates ranging from 8.25% to 15.00% and maturity dates ranging from January 2020 to December 2020. This outstanding debt resulted in $804,866 in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates are made and evaluated on an ongoing basis using information that is currently available as well as various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates, perhaps in adverse ways, and those estimates could be different under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgements used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on an accrual basis of accounting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of us, our wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, and the consolidated entities that are considered to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”), of which the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary.

Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our consolidated subsidiaries, which include VIEs where we are considered the primary beneficiary and voting interest entities (“VOEs”), where we have determined that we have a controlling financial interest, under the “Consolidations” Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) (Topic 810). The equity and net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries is shown separately in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, and statements of changes in stockholders’ equity. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Variable Interest Entities

We determine if an entity is a VIE based on several factors, including whether the equity holders, as a group, lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. We make judgments regarding which types of activities most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance first on a qualitative analysis, then a quantitative analysis, if necessary.

We analyze any investments in VIEs to determine if we are the primary beneficiary. A reporting entity is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest in a VIE.

Determining which reporting entity, if any, has a controlling financial interest in a VIE is primarily a qualitative analysis focused on identifying which reporting entity has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from such entity that could potentially be significant to such entity. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgement.

We consolidate any VIE for which we are the primary beneficiary and disclose significant VIEs of which we are not the primary beneficiary, as well as disclose our maximum exposure to loss related to the VIEs that are consolidated.

Voting Interest Entities

Entities that do not qualify as VIEs are generally assessed for consolidation as VOEs. For VOEs, we consolidate the entity if we have a controlling financial interest in the entity. We have a controlling financial interest in a VOE if (i) for legal entities other than partnerships, we own a majority voting interest in the entity or, for limited partnerships and similar entities, we own a majority of the entity’s kick-out rights through voting limited partnership interests and (ii) non-controlling shareholders or partners do not hold substantive participating rights, and no other conditions exist that would indicate that we do not control the entity.

Accounting for Real Estate Investments

Upon the acquisition of real estate properties, a determination is made as to whether the acquisition meets the criteria to be accounted for as an asset acquisition or a business combination. The determination is primarily based on whether the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed meet the definition of a business. The determination of whether the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed meet the definition of a business includes a single or similar asset threshold. In applying the single or similar asset threshold, if substantially all the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed are not considered a business. Most of our acquisitions meet the single or similar asset threshold, due to the fact that substantially all the fair value of the gross assets acquired is attributable to the real estate assets acquired.

Acquired real estate properties accounted for as asset acquisitions are recorded at cost, including acquisition and closing costs. The Company allocates the cost of real estate properties to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated relative fair values. We determine the fair value of tangible assets, such as land, building, furniture, fixtures and equipment, using a combination of internal valuation techniques that consider comparable market transactions, replacement costs and other available information and fair value estimates provided by third party valuation specialists, depending upon the circumstances of the acquisition. We determine the fair value of identified intangible assets or liabilities, which typically relate to in-place leases, using a combination of internal valuation techniques that consider the terms of the in-place leases, current market data for comparable leases, and fair value estimates provided by third party valuation specialists, depending upon the circumstances of the acquisition.

If a transaction is determined to be a business combination, the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any identified intangibles are recorded at their estimated fair values on the transaction date, and transaction costs are expensed in the period incurred.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). Topic 606 provides comprehensive guidance for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. Revenue is recognized when the entity transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance includes a five-step framework that requires an entity to: (i) identify the contract(s) with customers, (ii) identify the performance obligations within the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations within the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Topic 606 also requires additional disclosure regarding the nature and timing of the Company’s revenue transactions, as well as new quantitative and qualitative disclosures, including the disaggregation of revenues and descriptions of performance obligations. The amendments in Topic 606 are effective for the Company for its fiscal year beginning after December 31, 2018.

On January 1, 2019 (the effective date), the Company adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective method, applying the guidance to contracts with customers that were not substantially complete as of January 1, 2019. The Company did not make any policy elections affecting the measurement and recognition of revenue. We have identified all of our revenue streams and have concluded that our revenues primarily consist of hospitality, construction and development, real estate sales, rental income and fund management as noted in detail below.

The results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 605. For contracts which were modified before the adoption date, the Company has not restated the contract for those modifications. Instead, the Company reflected the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations, determining the transaction price and allocating the transaction price, if necessary. The cumulative effect of initially applying Topic 606 would be applied as an adjustment to the opening balance of retaining earnings. The Company has analyzed the effect and found the adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material impact on its financial statements and its recognition is consistent with the historical accounting policies. Rental income for leasing activities is accounted for in accordance with other applicable GAAP.

Hospitality

Hospitality revenues are comprised of charges for room rentals, food and beverage sales, and other hotel operating activities. Revenues are recognized as earned, which is defined as the date upon which a guest occupies a room or utilizes the hotel’s services. Revenues are recorded net of sales tax.

We have performance obligations to provide accommodations and other ancillary services to hotel guests. As compensation for such goods and services, we are typically entitled to a fixed nightly fee for an agreed upon period and additional fixed fees for any ancillary services purchased. These fees are generally payable at the time the hotel guest checks out of the hotel. We generally satisfy the performance obligations over time, and we recognize the revenue from room sales and from other ancillary guest services on a daily basis, as the rooms are occupied, and we have rendered the services.

For food and beverage, revenue is recognized upon transfer of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company received in exchange for those services, which is generally when payment is tendered at the time of sale.

The Company receives deposits for events and rooms. Such deposits are deferred and included in advance deposits on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The deposits are credited to income when the specific event takes place.

Construction and Development

The Company provides construction related services to affiliates and third parties, which include the build-out of tenant space, the renovation of hospitality, residential, and commercial real estate, and general real estate repair and maintenance services. In addition, the Company provides development services for ground-up development and repositioning of real estate assets.

These contract revenues are primarily derived from fixed price construction contracts. The Company has determined that these fixed-price construction projects provide a distinct service and, therefore, qualify as one performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, not distinct. Revenue is recognized over time, because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer as work is performed at the customer’s site and, therefore, the customer controls the asset as it is being constructed. The cost-to-cost measure of progress continues to best depict the transfer of control of assets to the customer, which occurs as costs are incurred.

Revenues from time-and-material contracts are billed to customers as work is performed. The Company determined that time and material contracts cover a single performance obligation, with transfer of control continuously as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits. Therefore, revenue for time and material contracts is considered to be recognized over time.

Cost of revenues earned include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, and depreciation costs. The cost of uninstalled materials or equipment are generally excluded from the recognition of gross profit as such costs are not considered to be a measure of progress. Costs to mobilize equipment and labor to a job site prior to substantive work beginning are capitalized as incurred and amortized over the expected duration of the contract. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no capitalized mobilization costs. General and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined.

Certain construction contracts include retention provisions which ensure that the Company will provide complete services to customers which are in accordance with the terms of the related contract and, therefore, are not considered financing. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to these provisions generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the project by the customer. The Company has determined that there are no financing components included in construction contracts as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed contracts receivable, retainage receivable, and costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts (contract assets) on the accompanying balance sheets. The contract asset, “Costs in excess of billings” represents revenues recognized in excess of amounts billed. The contract liability, “Billings in excess of costs”, represents billings in excess of revenues recognized. See Note 5 – Prepaid and Other Assets and Note 8 – Other Liabilities for information on contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Contract Estimates

Accounting for long-term contracts involves the use of techniques to estimate total contract revenues and costs. Total contract revenues for contracts may include variable considerations, which include approved change orders, claims, and other contract provisions. The Company includes variable consideration in the estimated transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in total contract revenues are based on an assessment of the anticipated performance in addition to all information (historic, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company. The effect of variable consideration on the total contract revenue of a performance obligation is recognized as an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had approximately $2,173,080 of estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied).

Real Estate Sales

Real estate sales are comprised of sales proceeds from the sale of certain single-family homes that are treated as inventory. All other real estate assets sold are recognized in other (income) expenses. We recognize real estate sales at a point in time. Each transaction is treated as a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized when the transaction is completed, when the performance obligation is satisfied.

Rental Income

Rental income includes the revenues generated primarily by the rental operations of the residential (multi-family and single-family) properties owned and/or managed by the Company. The Company’s revenues generated by residential properties, consists of rental income that each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of each lease and are reported on a straight-line basis over the initial noncancelable term of the lease, net of any concessions, and recognized when earned and collectability is reasonably assured. These revenues are recorded net of any sales and occupancy taxes collected from tenants. Rental income is not within the scope of ASU 2014-09 and would fall under Topic 840 - Leases (or Topic 842 - Leases, when effective).

Fund Management

Revenues from contracts with customers includes fixed fee arrangements with its affiliates to provide certain set up and capital raising services associated with marketing, soliciting, and selling member interests in the affiliated limited partnerships. The recognition and measurement of revenue is based on the assessment of individual contract terms. Significant judgment is required to determine whether performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time; how to allocate transaction prices where multiple performance obligations are identified; when to recognize revenue based on appropriate measurement of the Company’s progress under the contract; and whether constraints on variable considerations should be applied due to uncertain future events. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services.

Set up services are a one-time fee for the initial formation, administration, and set up of the private equity real estate fund. These fees are recognized at the point in time when the performance under the contract is complete. Set up fees earned during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $75,000 and $200,000, respectively.

Asset management fees are generally based on 1.50% of the unreturned capital contributions in a particular fund and include reimbursement for costs incurred on behalf of the fund, including an allocation of certain overhead costs. Asset management fees are recalculated on an annual basis. These customer contracts require the partnership to provide management services, representing a performance obligation that the partnership satisfies over time. Asset management fees earned during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $3,134,287 and $3,491,815, respectively.

Capital raising fees are earned over time as equity capital is raised into our managed funds in proportion to the total capital specified in the related contract. Services include marketing, offering, registering, and ultimately raising capital. Capital raising fees earned during the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $2,798,011 and $906,781, respectively. See Note 16 – Segment Reporting for a disaggregated presentation of revenues from contracts with customers.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to our consolidated financial statements a discussion of issued and newly adopted accounting pronouncements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of and during the year ended December 31, 2019, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations or liquidity.

Item 3. Directors and Officers

Directors, Executive Officers and Significant Employees

The Company’s executive officers and directors are listed below. The executive officers are full-time employees.

Directors and Executive Officers

Each of our directors holds office until the next annual meeting of our stockholders or until his/her successor has been elected and qualified, or until his/her death, resignation, or removal. Our executive officers are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until their death, resignation, or removal from office.

All of our executive officers and significant employees work full-time for us. There are no family relationships between any director, executive officer, or significant employee. During the past five years, none of the persons identified above has been involved in any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding or convicted in a criminal; proceeding, excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses.

Business Experience

The following is a brief overview of the education and business experience of each of our directors and executive officers, executive during at least the past five years, including their principal occupations or employment during the period, the name and principal business of the organization by which they were employed:

John C. “Chris” Loeffler, II, Chief Executive Officer

Chris Loeffler is the CEO and Co-Founder of Caliber and serves as Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors. As CEO, Chris directs and executes global strategy, oversees investments and fund management, and contributes to private and public capital formation. As a Co-Founder Chris took an early role forming the Company’s financial and operational infrastructure and navigating the vertical integration of all real estate and investment services.

Prior to forming Caliber, Chris served as a Senior Associate in the audit and assurance practice for PwC in Phoenix, Arizona, completing public company audits, developing control systems, and completing several acquisition or sale transactions. Some of Chris’ clients included Honeywell International, Inc., CSK Auto Inc., Verizon Communications, Inc., Republic Services, Inc., Car Wash Partners, Inc., and the Arizona Diamondbacks.

Chris earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration with a concentration in Accounting from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Chris also attended Universidad Complutense de Madrid (University of Madrid) in Madrid, Spain. In addition, Chris is a Board Director for Qwick, Inc., a venture-funded hospitality staffing marketplace.

Jennifer Schrader, President & Chief Operating Officer

Jennifer Schrader is the President, COO and Co-Founder of Caliber and serves on the Company’s Board of Directors. Jennifer directly oversees all Caliber asset management activities including the execution of each investment’s business plan and the management of the real estate services delivered by Caliber or third-party vendors to Caliber’s assets. In addition, Jennifer oversees daily operations at Caliber and manages talent development and resource management. Previously, Jennifer held the Designated Broker position with Caliber Realty Group, LLC from 2013 through 2015. She maintains her Arizona real estate license, current, as Associate Broker.

Prior to forming Caliber, Jennifer was the Managing Partner of First United Equites, LLC, a Michigan business focused on acquiring, renovating and selling homes for profit. Jennifer obtained her real estate license in Michigan in 2005 and was a top performer within Keller Williams Commerce Market Center.

Jennifer attended Lawrence Technological University in Michigan where she studied architecture and interior architecture. She possesses a Real Estate Broker’s license from the Arizona School of Real Estate and Business. Jennifer serves on the Colangelo College of Business Advisory Board for Grand Canyon University in Phoenix, Arizona.

Jade Leung, Chief Financial Officer

Jade Leung is Caliber’s CFO and corporate secretary. As CFO, Jade oversees accounting and controllership, financial planning and analysis, tax, financial reporting, and treasury functions at Caliber.

Before being named CFO in April 2017, Jade was Caliber’s Vice President of Finance and was responsible for managing and streamlining the Company’s accounting and compliance functions across all divisions and functions. In August 2016, he was also named the Chief Compliance Officer for the Company’s Arizona issuer-dealer, Caliber Securities, LLC, which established a new revenue stream for the Caliber group of companies.

Prior to joining Caliber, Jade spent 12 years with PwC, most recently as Senior Manager in audit and assurance services in Los Angeles, CA where he managed audit and accounting advisory services for some of PwC’s largest Fortune 500 companies in the United States, Canada, and Japan. Notably, Jade participated in over $1 billion dollars of public market transactions and financing arrangements for companies including First Solar, Inc., American Express Company, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, and Rural/Metro Corporation.

Jade earned an accounting degree from Ryerson University and Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from the University of British Columbia. Jade holds an active CPA license in the states of Arizona and Maine.

Roy Bade, Chief Development Officer

Roy Bade is the Chief Development Officer (“CDO”) of Caliber. Roy is responsible for managing real estate service lines provided by Caliber’s vertically integrated group of operating businesses. His four areas of responsibility include vertical and horizontal real estate development, construction, acquisitions, and project financing.

Before being named CDO in November 2019, Roy joined Caliber in 2014 as Fund Manager and was quickly promoted to Executive Vice President and Fund Manager. He was responsible for maximizing returns on existing properties and managing Caliber’s construction and development activity.

For nearly 30 years prior to joining Caliber, Roy acted as the principal and managing partner of two businesses, Bade Commercial Services Inc and BCS Development Group, LLC, which included development, construction, and property management of commercial, retail and industrial properties throughout Phoenix, Arizona. During this time, Roy developed, constructed and owned over 750,000 square feet of property.

Roy graduated from Washington State University with a Bachelor of Science in Business Information Systems, holds a Commercial General Contractor’s license, and holds an Arizona Real Estate Broker’s license.

Advisory Board

We have established an Advisory Board whose purpose is to provide non-binding strategic advice and guidance in connection with corporate and strategic matters relating to our business. The Advisory Board is an informal committee of members selected by the executive management of the Company. While the Advisory Board provides valuable assistance to the Company, unlike the Company’s Board of Directors, the Advisory Board has no authority to vote on corporate matters, nor does the Advisory Board bear legal fiduciary responsibilities to the Company. Each member of our Advisory Board will be compensated $50,000 a year for their services as an Advisory Board member. They have also each been granted non-statutory stock options subject to a vesting schedule, which enables each party to purchase up to 25,000 shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company.

The following are the biographies of the current members of our Advisory Board:

William J. Gerber

William J. Gerber served as Chief Financial Officer of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (Nasdaq: AMTD) (“TD Ameritrade”), a provider of securities brokerage services and related technology-based financial services to retail investors, traders and independent registered investment advisors, from October 2006 to October 2015 and has extensive financial experience. In May 2007, he was named Executive Vice President of TD Ameritrade. In his role as Chief Financial Officer, he oversaw investor relations, business development, certain treasury functions and finance operations, including accounting, business planning and forecasting, external and internal reporting, tax and competitive intelligence. From May 1999 until October 2006, he served as the Managing Director of Finance at TD Ameritrade, during which time he played a significant role in evaluating merger and acquisition opportunities.

Prior to joining TD Ameritrade, he served as Vice President of Acceptance Insurance Companies, Inc., where he was responsible for all aspects of mergers and acquisitions, investment banking activity, banking relationships, investor communications and portfolio management. Prior to joining Acceptance, Mr. Gerber spent eight years with Coopers & Lybrand, now known as PwC, serving as an audit manager primarily focusing on public company clients.

Mr. Gerber was named to Institutional Investor Magazine’s All-America Executive Team as one of the top three CFOs in the Brokerage, Asset Managers and Exchanges category (2012 and 2013). He was also named a member of the CNBC CFO Council (2013 and 2014). Since January 2017, he has served on the Board of Directors of Northwestern Mutual Series Fund, a mutual fund company. He has also served on the Board of Directors of the U.S. holding company for the Royal Bank of Canada since July 2016 and Streck, Inc., a privately held company, since March 2015. In addition, he serves on the Boys Town National Board of Trustees. Mr. Gerber holds a B.B.A. in Accounting from the University of Michigan. Mr. Gerber holds a CPA license in the state of Michigan.

Christopher Pair Garza

Christopher Pair currently serves Plexus Worldwide as President of Operations and International. In this role, he oversees the Company’s distribution, manufacturing, logistics, finance and accounting departments, information technology department, legal, compliance, quality, international and project management department.

Previously, Mr. Pair was both President and Chief Executive Officer of Herbalife Nutrition, the $5 billion Public/Global Nutrition/Personal Care Company. Before becoming CEO, Mr. Pair’s primary responsibility as EVP/COO was international expansion. He personally established operations in 35 countries on 5 continents with typical operating profit within six months. In addition, he managed all aspects of global business operations, including distribution, regulatory compliance, building Shanghai manufacturing facilities, buying raw materials, establishing sales and marketing campaigns, managing inventory and product development. He is recognized as an expert in international network marketing and direct sales.

Since the successful sale of Herbalife to Whitney and Company, Mr. Pair has been the President of Cynergy Partners, Inc., an Investment and Consulting Company he founded. The Company specializes in the consumer product, network marketing, and international expansion elements of the global business community; and has completed a number of successful assignments and transactions.

Mr. Pair is also the former Vice-Chairman and a Director of The Direct Selling Association, as well as a former Director of the Consumer Health Products Association. Mr. Pair holds a Master of Business Administration and a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from the University of Redlands.

Michael Trzupek

Michael Trzupek is the Chief Financial Officer of Premera Blue Cross, Washington’s leading health plan. Mr. Trzupek oversees accounting, financial planning and analysis, investment and treasury.

Prior to joining Premera Blue Cross, Mr. Trzupek served as Group Vice President for Providence St. Joseph Health System, executing finance functions, strategic planning and budgeting, as well as the evaluation of affiliations, acquisitions and strategic investments.

Prior to Providence St. Joseph Health System, he was a Corporate Finance General Manager at Microsoft, focused on business planning for the Company’s hardware products, including Xbox and Surface. Mr. Trzupek began his financial career at Intel.

Mr. Trzupek received his Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago. He is a member of the Board of Directors at the Seattle Aquarium, as well as an Advisory Board member for eCapital Advisors.

Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers

Compensation of our Executive officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:

Director Compensation

In April and May 2019, our advisory board entered into agreements with the Company to serve as the Company’s board of directors. Effective upon formal approval of the board the compensation for the board include:

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company’s board of directors each earned total compensation of $25,000, resulting in total board of director compensation of $75,000.

Employment Agreements

As of December 31, 2019, our employment agreements with each of Chris Loeffler, our CEO and co-founder, Jennifer Schrader, our President, COO, and co-founder, Jade Leung, our CFO and Roy Bade, our CDO, provided for at-will employment and set forth each officer’s initial equity or stock option grant amounts and eligibility for employee benefits consistent with the terms included in the tables above.

Effective January 1, 2019, we entered into new employment agreements with each of our executive officers which provide for, among other things;

Copies of the agreements are attached hereto as exhibits. Other than the employment agreements described below, we have not entered into any arrangements providing for payments or benefits in connection with the resignation, severance, retirement or other termination of any of our named executive officers, changes in their compensation or a change in control.

2017 Incentive Stock Plan

We have adopted a 2017 Incentive Stock Plan (the “Plan”). An aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of our common stock is reserved for issuance and available for awards under the Plan, including incentive stock options granted under the Plan. The Plan administrator may grant awards to any employee, director, consultant or other person providing services to us or our affiliates. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, options representing 3,697,322 and 3,004,824 shares have been awarded and are outstanding under the Plan, respectively.

The Plan shall be initially administered by the Board. The Plan administrator has the authority to determine, within the limits of the express provisions of the Plan, the individuals to whom awards will be granted, the nature, amount and terms of such awards and the objectives and conditions for earning such awards. The Board may at any time amend or terminate the Plan, provided that no such action may be taken that adversely affects any rights or obligations with respect to any awards previously made under the Plan without the consent of the recipient. No awards may be made under the Plan after the tenth anniversary of its effective date.

Awards under the Plan may include incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted shares of common stock and restricted stock units.

Stock Options.   The Plan administrator may grant to a participant options to purchase our common stock that qualify as incentive stock options for purposes of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code (“incentive stock options”), options that do not qualify as incentive stock options (“non-qualified stock options”) or a combination thereof. The terms and conditions of stock option grants, including the quantity, price, vesting periods, and other conditions on exercise will be determined by the Plan administrator. The exercise price for stock options will be determined by the Plan administrator in its discretion, but non-qualified stock options and incentive stock options may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of one share of our company’s common stock on the date when the stock option is granted. Additionally, in the case of incentive stock options granted to a holder of more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock on the date of grant, the exercise price may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of one share of common stock on the date the stock option is granted. Stock options must be exercised within a period fixed by the Plan administrator that may not exceed ten years from the date of grant, except that in the case of incentive stock options granted to a holder of more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock on the date of grant, the exercise period may not exceed five years. At the Plan administrator’s discretion, payment for shares of common stock on the exercise of stock options may be made in cash, shares of our common stock held by the participant or in any other form of consideration acceptable to the Plan administrator (including one or more forms of  “cashless” or “net” exercise).

Restricted Shares and Restricted Units.   The Plan administrator may award to a participant shares of common stock subject to specified restrictions (“restricted shares”). Restricted shares are subject to forfeiture if the participant does not meet certain conditions such as continued employment over a specified forfeiture period and/or the attainment of specified performance targets over the forfeiture period.

Key Man Insurance

We own key man life insurance policies in the amounts of $15.6 million for Mr. Loeffler and Ms. Schrader, respectively.

Item 4. Security Ownership of Management and Certain Security Holders

As of December 31, 2019, the following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our capital by:

The information presented below regarding beneficial ownership of our voting securities has been presented in accordance with the rules of the Commission and is not necessarily indicative of ownership for any other purpose. Under these rules, a person is deemed to be a “beneficial owner” of a security if that person has or shares the power to vote or direct the voting of the security or the power to dispose or direct the disposition of the security. A person is deemed to own beneficially any security as to which such person has the right to acquire sole or shared voting or investment power within sixty (60) days through the conversion or exercise of any convertible security, warrant, option, or other right. More than one (1) person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same securities. The percentage of beneficial ownership by any person as of a particular date is calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such person, which includes the number of shares as to which such person has the right to acquire voting or investment power within sixty (60) days, by the sum of the number of shares outstanding as of such date. Consequently, the denominator used for calculating such percentage may be different for each beneficial owner. Except as otherwise indicated below and under applicable community property laws, we believe that the beneficial owners of our common stock listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares shown.

Unless otherwise noted below, the address of each person listed on the table is c/o Caliber, 8901 E. Mountain View Rd., Ste 150, Scottsdale, Arizona 85258.

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Item 5. Interest of Management and Others in Certain Transactions

See Note 7 – Related Party Transactions of our accompanying consolidated financial statements for a detailed discussion of the Company’s transactions with related parties.

Item 6. Other Information

None

Item 7. Financial Statements

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED

DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

CaliberCos Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Marcum llp

Marcum llp

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016.

New York, NY

June 18, 2020 

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Continued)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

CaliberCos Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity